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4. Questions - Got a question about Securities Act Of 1933 then search the Forums, FAQ's, Blogs etc. Don't be afraid to ask .....
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8. Security - check for the yellow padlock on the Securities Act Of 1933 site before you buy, and the s after http:/ /i.e. https:// = a secure site
9. Contact - got a question about Securities Act Of 1933, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.
10. Payment - ready to pay for your Securities Act Of 1933, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.
Securities Act of 1933
Congress enacted the Securities Act of 1933 (the “1933 Act,” the "Truth in Securities Act" or the "Federal Securities Act") 48 Stat. 74 (May 27, 1933), codified at et seq., in the aftermath of the stock market crash of 1929 and during the ensuing Great Depression. Legislated pursuant to the interstate commerce clause of the Constitution, it requires that any offer or sale of securities using the means and instrumentalities of interstate commerce be registered pursuant to the 1933 Act, unless an exemption from registration exists under the law. It was the first major federal legislation to regulate the offer and sale of securities. Prior to that time, regulation of securities was chiefly governed by state laws (commonly referred to as
blue sky laws). When Congress enacted the 1933 Act, it left in place the patchwork of existing state securities laws to supplement federal laws in part because there were questions as to the constitutionality of federal legislation.
Part of the New Deal, it was drafted by Benjamin Victor Cohen, Thomas Gardiner Corcoran , and
James M. Landis; and signed into law by
U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
Purpose
The 1933 Act has two basic objectives:
- require that investors receive significant (or “material”) information concerning securities being offered for public sale; and
- prohibit deceit, misrepresentations, and other fraud in the sale of securities.
Underlying the 1933 Act is the idea that a company (i.e., an “issuer”) offering securities should provide potential investors with sufficient information about both the issuer and the securities to make an informed investment decision. To assist in achieving its objectives of informing potential investors and fostering fair dealing in the securities markets, the 1933 Act requires issuers to disclose significant information about themselves and the terms of the securities. Disclosure also has the added benefit of discouraging bad behavior. Supreme Court Justice
Louis Brandeis coined the phrase “sunlight is the best disinfectant,” which also is part of the philosophy underlying the 1933 Act.
Disclosure of relevant information is accomplished through the registration of securities with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC” or the “Commission”). (Prior to the passage of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, securities were registered with the Federal Trade Commission.) The SEC is the principal federal agency responsible for oversight of the securities markets and enforcement of the federal securities laws. The SEC was created pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
The Registration Process
In general, securities offered or sold to the public in the U.S. must be registered by filing a registration statement with the SEC. The prospectus, which is the document through which a company’s securities are marketed to a potential investor, is generally filed in conjunction with the registration statement. The SEC prescribes the relevant forms on which an issuer's securities must be registered. In general, registration forms call for:
* a description of the issuer's properties and business;
* a description of the security to be offered for sale;
* information about the management of the issuer;
* if not registering common stock, information about the securities; and
* financial statements certified by independent accountants.
Registration statements and prospectuses become public shortly after filing with the SEC. If filed by U.S. domestic issuers, the statements are available from the SEC’s website at
http://www.sec.gov using
EDGAR. Registration statements are subject to SEC examination for compliance with disclosure requirements. It is illegal for an issuer to lie in or to omit material facts from a registration statement or prospectus.
Not all offerings of securities must be registered with the SEC. Some exemptions from the registration requirements include:
* private offerings to a limited number of persons or institutions;
* offerings of limited size;
* intrastate offerings; and
* securities of municipal, state, and federal governments.
One of the exceptions to registration, Rule 144, is discussed in greater detail below.
Regardless of whether securities must be registered, the 1933 Act makes it illegal to commit fraud in conjunction with the offer or sale of securities. A defrauded investor can sue for recovery under the 1933 Act.
Rule 144
Rule 144, promulgated by the SEC under the 1933 Act, permits, under limited circumstances, the sale of restricted and controlled securities without registration. In addition to restrictions on the minimum length of time for which such securities must be held and the maximum volume permitted to be sold, the issuer must agree to the sale. If certain requirements are met,
Form 144 must be filed with the SEC. Often, the issuer requires that a legal opinion be given indicating that the resale complies with the rule. After one year, Rule 144(k) allows for the permanent removal of the restriction except as to 'insiders'. United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
Rule 144: Selling Restricted and Control Securities. October 10, 2003. Accessed Dec. 9, 2006.
In cases of mergers, buyouts or takeovers, owners of securities who had previously filed Form 144 and still wish to sell restricted and controlled securities must refile Form 144 once the merger, buyout or takeover has been completed.
References
See also
External links
- Introduction to the Federal Securities Laws
- Full text of this Act
- Proposed changes to Rule 144
Securities Act of 1933
Congress enacted the Securities Act of 1933 (the “1933 Act,” the "Truth in Securities Act" or the "Federal Securities Act") 48 Stat. 74 (May 27, 1933), codified at et seq., in the aftermath of the
stock market crash of 1929 and during the ensuing
Great Depression. Legislated pursuant to the interstate commerce clause of the Constitution, it requires that any offer or sale of securities using the means and instrumentalities of interstate commerce be registered pursuant to the 1933 Act, unless an exemption from registration exists under the law. It was the first major federal legislation to regulate the offer and sale of securities. Prior to that time, regulation of securities was chiefly governed by state laws (commonly referred to as blue sky laws). When Congress enacted the 1933 Act, it left in place the patchwork of existing state securities laws to supplement federal laws in part because there were questions as to the constitutionality of federal legislation.
Part of the
New Deal, it was drafted by Benjamin Victor Cohen, Thomas Gardiner Corcoran , and James M. Landis; and signed into law by U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt.
Purpose
The 1933 Act has two basic objectives:
- require that investors receive significant (or “material”) information concerning securities being offered for public sale; and
- prohibit deceit, misrepresentations, and other fraud in the sale of securities.
Underlying the 1933 Act is the idea that a company (i.e., an “issuer”) offering securities should provide potential investors with sufficient information about both the issuer and the securities to make an informed investment decision. To assist in achieving its objectives of informing potential investors and fostering fair dealing in the securities markets, the 1933 Act requires issuers to disclose significant information about themselves and the terms of the securities. Disclosure also has the added benefit of discouraging bad behavior.
Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis coined the phrase “sunlight is the best disinfectant,” which also is part of the philosophy underlying the 1933 Act.
Disclosure of relevant information is accomplished through the registration of securities with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC” or the “Commission”). (Prior to the passage of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, securities were registered with the Federal Trade Commission.) The SEC is the principal federal agency responsible for oversight of the securities markets and enforcement of the federal securities laws. The SEC was created pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
The Registration Process
In general, securities offered or sold to the public in the U.S. must be registered by filing a registration statement with the SEC. The prospectus, which is the document through which a company’s securities are marketed to a potential investor, is generally filed in conjunction with the registration statement. The SEC prescribes the relevant forms on which an issuer's securities must be registered. In general, registration forms call for:
* a description of the issuer's properties and business;
* a description of the security to be offered for sale;
* information about the management of the issuer;
* if not registering common stock, information about the securities; and
* financial statements certified by independent accountants.
Registration statements and prospectuses become public shortly after filing with the SEC. If filed by U.S. domestic issuers, the statements are available from the SEC’s website at
http://www.sec.gov using EDGAR. Registration statements are subject to SEC examination for compliance with disclosure requirements. It is illegal for an issuer to lie in or to omit material facts from a registration statement or prospectus.
Not all offerings of securities must be registered with the SEC. Some exemptions from the registration requirements include:
* private offerings to a limited number of persons or institutions;
* offerings of limited size;
* intrastate offerings; and
* securities of municipal, state, and federal governments.
One of the exceptions to registration, Rule 144, is discussed in greater detail below.
Regardless of whether securities must be registered, the 1933 Act makes it illegal to commit fraud in conjunction with the offer or sale of securities. A defrauded investor can sue for recovery under the 1933 Act.
Rule 144
Rule 144, promulgated by the SEC under the 1933 Act, permits, under limited circumstances, the sale of restricted and controlled securities without registration. In addition to restrictions on the minimum length of time for which such securities must be held and the maximum volume permitted to be sold, the issuer must agree to the sale. If certain requirements are met, Form 144 must be filed with the SEC. Often, the issuer requires that a legal opinion be given indicating that the resale complies with the rule. After one year, Rule 144(k) allows for the permanent removal of the restriction except as to 'insiders'. United States Securities and Exchange Commission.
Rule 144: Selling Restricted and Control Securities. October 10, 2003. Accessed Dec. 9, 2006.
In cases of mergers, buyouts or takeovers, owners of securities who had previously filed Form 144 and still wish to sell restricted and controlled securities must refile Form 144 once the merger, buyout or takeover has been completed.
References
See also
- Securities regulation in the United States
- Securities Exchange Act of 1934
- First Command, Inc.
External links
- Introduction to the Federal Securities Laws
- Full text of this Act
- Proposed changes to Rule 144
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